In traditional English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms, the dominant pedagogical paradigm has long focused on the mechanical mastery of language structures. Students spent
Introduction The shift toward distance education has fundamentally challenged the traditional, textbook-reliant language classroom. For decades, commercial textbooks served as the definitive roadmap for syntax,
Online learning is no longer a temporary alternative to the physical classroom. It is a permanent shift in global education. However, technology does not exist